Di tahun 2014 Y Combinator pernah
membuat peta peluang bisnis tech startup yang masih bersifat blue ocean alias
masih belum banyak yang menjamah dan menjelajahinya. Ke sepuluh peluang
tersebut antara lain startup yang fokus pada ; energy, artificial intelligence
(kecerdasan buatan), robot, teknologi biologi, kesehatan, obat-obatan, virtual
reality and augmented reality, alat programming, Hollywood 2.0, dan
telekomunikasi. Khusus untuk bidang artificial intelligence setidaknya sudah ada
dua situs yang sudah beroperasi yaitu Enlitic dan Metamind.
Kali ini, Trafiklink hanya
ingin mengunggah definisi artificial intelligence yang dikutip dari Funk &
Wagnalls New Encyclopedia. Berikut kutipan tersebut;
“Artificial intelligence
(AI) a term that in its broadest sense would indicate the ability of an
artifact to perform the same kinds of functions that characterize human
thought. The possibility of developing some such artifact has intrigued human
beings since ancient times. With the growth of modern science, the search for
AI has taken two major directions : psychological and physiological research
into the nature of human thought, and the technological development of
increasingly sophisticated computing systems.
In the latter sense, the
term AI has been applied to computer systems and programs capable of performing
tasks more complex than straightforward programming, although still far from
the realm of actual thought. The most important fields of research in this area
are information processing, pattern recognition, game-playing computers, and
applied fields such as medical diagnosis. Current research in information
processing deals with programs that enable a computer to understand written or spoken
information and to produce summaries, answer specific questions, or
redistribute information to users interested in specific areas of this
information. Essential to such programs is the ability of the system to
generate grammatically correct sentences and to establish lingkages between
words, ideas, and associations with other ideas.
Research has shown that
where as the logic of language structure-its syntax-submits to programming, the
problem of meaning, or semantics, lies for deeper, in the direction of true AI.
In medicine, program have
been developed that analyze the disease symptoms, medical history, and
laboratory test results of a patient, and then suggest a diagnosis to the
physician. The diagnostic computer is an example of so called expert systems computer
that are able to perform humanlike tasks in specialized areas. Expert systems
take computer a step beyond straightforward programming, being based on a
technique called rule-based inference, in which pre established rule systems
are used to process the incoming data.
Despite their
sophistication, expert systems still do not begin to approach the complexity of
true intelligent thought. Many scientists remain doubtful that true AI can ever
be developed. The operation of the human mind is still little understood, and
computer design may remain essentially incapable of analogously duplicating
these unknown, complex processes.
Various routes are being
used in the effort to reach the goal of true AI, which might be most simply
divided into “logical” and “unlogical” approaches.
The former try to enhance
the speed and sophistication of computing systems along lines already in use,
while the latter try to introduce some of the “messy” inferential nature of
actual thought processes. Such forms include the technique at parallel
processing-interlinked and concurrent computer operations”.
Jika demikian kondisinya
maka seberapa besar modal yang dibutuhkan untuk memulai bisnis tech startup di
bidang artificial intelligence ini? Seberapa banyak research yang harus
dilalui? Berapa lama waktu yang dibutuhkan?